Uranium enrichment by gaseous diffusion and ultracentrifugation processes. An interdisciplinary mit study 2011 developed by the science council for global initiatives, led by dr. It is intended for a broad audience of nonspecialist readers. Copyright 2011 massachusetts institute of technology. A printable 6page pdf version of the critique can be downloaded here. The output fuel is deposited within geological repositories, kept from further reprocessing of the fuel. May 31, 2011 a printable 6page pdf version of the critique can be downloaded here. Also covered are the principles of fuel cycle economics and the applied reactor physics of both contemporary and proposed thermal and fast reactors. Schriefer, consultant formerly directorinternationalatomic energyagencyiaeasafeguards,austria 3. Nuclear fuel cycle series nuclear repository science.
Within each cycle, the volume and composition of the highlevel nuclear waste and fi ssile material depend on the type of nuclear fuel, the amount of. French experience with interim storage technologies. Radionuclides are essential tools for genetic research and determining the structure of dna. Nuclear fuel cycle science and engineering sciencedirect. It consists of steps in the front end, which are the preparation of the fuel, steps in the service period in which the fuel is used during reactor operation, and steps in the back end, which are necessary to safely manage, contain, and either reprocess or dispose of. A separate discipline within the i nuclear engineering domain, nuclear fuel management, is devoted to analysis of nuclear fuel cycle activities. Assignments systems analysis of the nuclear fuel cycle. The purpose of this module is to provide a basic overview of the nuclear fuel cycle. In the closedloop cycle, the fuel is sent to a recycling facility, where the assemblies are broken down and the. Deep space exploration would be impossible without small nuclear powered generators. Syllabus systems analysis of the nuclear fuel cycle. Nuclear fuel cycle is an array of an industrial process which includes a production of electricity from uranium in nuclear reactors.
Multilateral approaches to the nuclear fuel cycle 2 5. Mit opencourseware nuclear science and engineering 22. Japan began its development of a closed nuclear fuel cycle in the late 1960s at a time of apparent. The nuclear fuel cycle, also called nuclear fuel chain, is the progression of nuclear fuel through a series of differing stages. The implications on the world energy system, beyond shortterm price increases from greater use of oil and liquefied natural gas, are yet unknown and go beyond nuclear energy. Discussions in japan about nuclear fuel cycle choices have given insufficient consideration to regional security implications of domestic decisions about uranium enrichment and the civil reprocessing of spent nuclear fuel.
Nuclear materials and fuel cycles college of engineering. And as part of the ongoing crp entitled near term and. In the oncethrough cycle, the cooled fuel assemblies are prepared for dry storage onsite and then inde. The nuclear fuel cycle comprises the handling of all fissile and fertile material necessary for nuclear power production and of the radioactive products formed in this process fig. Integrated nuclear fuel cycle information system infcis is a set of databases related to the nuclear fuel cycle maintained by the international atomic energy agency iaea. The past few years have seen some major developments in uk government policy related to the nuclear fuel cycle, culminating in the publication, through the government chief scientists office, of a series of documents that set out the nuclear landscape in the uk up to 2050 and beyond. Nuclear fuel cycle science and engineering 1st edition. The division has played a major role in the design and analysis of advanced reactors, particularly liquidmetalcooled reactors. Reactor physics and fuel cycle analysis nuclear engineering. It can be defined as various activities that are related to generating electricity from nuclear reactions. The reader is cautioned that should there be any discrepancies between the english and french versions of this publication, the english takes precedence as the original text.
Forsberg was the executive director of mit future of the nuclear fuel cycle study that issued its report in 2011. Department of nuclear science and engineering department of nuclear science and engineering the department of nuclear science and engineering nse provides undergraduate and graduate education for students interested in developing new nuclear technologies for the benet of society and the environment. Mit opencourseware nuclear science and engineering. The nuclear and radiological engineering nre program at the georgia institute of technology proposes to strategically enhance its academic and research capabilities in the area of nuclear engineering ne fuel cycle research. Critique of mit future of nuclear fuel cycle study brave. The fuel cycle is suitably divided into a front end and a back end part, where the nuclear power station is the dividing line. Nuclear materials and fuel cycle center nmfc nuclear. Nuclear engineering and design 114 1989 187191 187 northholland, amsterdam the nuclear fuel cycle jean rastoin and daniel bastien commissariat lenergie atomique, cea cen saclay, gifsuryvette, france in the first half of the 21st century, a redistribution of the energy data should occur, where nuclear will play a more important role, particularly as coal will become more and more. The nuclear fuel cycle is characterized by the wide range of scientific disciplines and technologies it employs. The subject of nuclear power is fraught with controversy, and it is often discussed with an inadequate understanding of the science behind todays reactor technology. Apr 21, 2016 reactor physics and fuel cycle analysis is a core competency of the nuclear engineering ne division. Evaluation of discharged fuel in preproposed breedandburn reactors from proliferation, decay heat, and radiotoxicity aspects. Closed fuel cycles have the advantage of further resource utilization than the open cycle getting more from what is given.
Nuclear engineering and science equipment for strategic. Introduction to nuclear chemistry and fuel cycle separations. Considering the high prices of uranium ore, the closed cycle looks appealing for the times. Computational and data sciences applied to national security and nuclear engineering health physics, radiation biology and medical physics nuclear materials and fuel cycles. The nuclear fuel cycle information system nfcis database is an international directory of civilian nuclear fuel cycle facilities worldwide. Lecture notes systems analysis of the nuclear fuel cycle.
This barcode number lets you verify that youre getting exactly the right version or edition of a book. Integrated nuclear fuel cycle information system wikipedia. From a technical perspective, there will be the lessons learned such as higher tsunami walls and the need for vented reactor containments that do not require emergency. Zhang joined the university in january, 2017, with the specific task of initiating research and education focusing on nuclear materials and fuel cycle technologies. Executive summary pdf full report pdf the implications on the world energy system, beyond shortterm price increases from greater use of oil and liquefied natural gas, are yet unknown and go beyond nuclear energy. The future of the nuclear fuel cycle overview, conclusions, and recommendations 1 chapter 2. Nuclear fuel cycle an overview sciencedirect topics. Nuci883 nuclear engineering ii design and operating principles of various nuclear reactors and fuel, licensing and safety considerations of various reactor types, neutronics and coupled thermalhydraulic, fuel design basis of various nuclear technologies, nuclear fuel cycles, safety systems of various nuclear reactors, fuel management and cost. However, the change for the closed nuclear fuel cycle demands a restructuring of reactor design, particularly the reuse of spent nuclear fuel snf.
Reactor physics and fuel cycle analysis is a core competency of the nuclear engineering ne division. These documents deal primarily with the future of nuclear energy in the uk. Lwr designs, and loan guarantees for new reactors now under consideration by u. Established in 1962, the mit press is one of the largest and most distinguished university presses in the world and a leading publisher of books and journals at the intersection of science, technology, art, social science, and design. The development of ever more integrated processes across the many stages of the nuclear fuel. Sustainable fuel cycle options are those that improve uranium resource utilization, maximize energy generation, minimize waste. Topics include uranium supply, enrichment fuel fabrication, incore physics and fuel management of uranium, thorium and other fuel types, reprocessing and waste disposal. Chapter 4 fuel cycles 29 the description of a possible global growth scenario for nuclear power with or so gwe deployed worldwide must begin with some specification of the nuclear fuel cycles that will be in operation. Find materials for this course in the pages linked along the left. Nuclear fuel cycle science and engineering request pdf. The accident included damage to reactors and to spent fuel storage.
The mission of the fuel cycle research and development fcrd program is to conduct research and development to help develop sustainable fuel cycles, as described in the nuclear energy research and development roadmap. Does global nuclear energy partnership gnep is developing advanced fuel cycle technologies that are intended to allow greater worldwide use of nuclear power without increased weapons proliferation risks. The development of ever more integrated processes across the many stages of the selection from nuclear fuel cycle science and engineering book. To provide an overview of the policy, legal, security, economic, institu. Jinsuo zhang, an professor of the nuclear engineering program. Part i introduction to the nuclearfuel cycle 1 1 nuclear power. The safety of the nuclear fuel cycle third edition. Nuclear fuel cycle and materials technologies in 2015 the agency intensified its efforts to develop elearning materials on spent fuel management. The nuclear fuel cycle is characterised by the wide range of scientific disciplines and technologies it employs. Nuclear fuel cycle uranium nuclear energy chemistry.
Nuclear engineering and design 114 1989 187191 187 northholland, amsterdam the nuclear fuel cycle jean rastoin and daniel bastien commissariat lenergie atomique, cea cen saclay, gifsuryvette, france in the first half of the 21st century, a redistribution of the energy data should occur, where nuclear will play a more important role, particularly as coal will. This is the first of nine modules available in this selfstudy course. Fuel cycle options analysis has completed the development phase and is transitioning to the evaluation phase final report may 2014 near term program focus on. Nuclear fuel cycle international atomic energy agency. Mar 18, 2014 the past few years have seen some major developments in uk government policy related to the nuclear fuel cycle, culminating in the publication, through the government chief scientists office, of a series of documents that set out the nuclear landscape in the uk up to 2050 and beyond. The range and depth of subject areas can be adjusted to accommodate the interest and background of the participants. A technical background is desirable but not a prerequisite for this course. Nuclear fuel cycles, including disposal of wastes, are central to nuclear power. In this module, students will be introduced to the basic nuclear fuel cycle including the different processes involved and the basic physics of the fundamental components. Japan began its development of a closednuclear fuel cycle in the late 1960s at a time of apparent. Impact of high burnup on pwr spent fuel characteristics pdf 1. The open fuel cycle consists of mining, enriching, and storing uranium fuel. Evaluation of discharged fuel in preproposed breedandburn reactors.
A series of critical questions were identified that are the basis of future research. Development of enhanced accident tolerant fuels exploration of generic concepts for storage and disposal of unf long term focus on sustainable fuel cycles. This section includes the readings by session below assigned readings. The open fuel cycle also called the oncethrough fuel cycle is the predominant choice of fuel cycle within the united states. The main objective of infcis is to provide information on all aspects of nuclear fuel cycle to various researchers, analysts, energy planners, academicians, students and the general public. The future of the nuclear fuel cycle mit energy initiative. The development of ever more integrated processes across the many stages of the nuclear fuel cycle therefore confronts plant manufacturers and operators with formidable challenges. Advanced nuclear power and fuel cycle technologies. In this module, students will be introduced to the basic nuclear fuel cycle including the different processes involved and the basic physics of the fundamental components prerequisites.
This book covers the entire nuclear fuel cycle, from mining uranium ore to disposal of radioactive wastes. Experience shows that similar fuel cycle costs will be associated with a boiling water reactor bwr. Nuclear fuel cycle science and engineering describes both the key features of the complete nuclear fuel cycle and the wealth of recent research in this important field. To identify and provide an analysis of issues and options relevant to multilateral approaches to the front and back ends of the nuclear fuel cycle. The nuclear fuel cycle refers to all activities that occur in the production of nuclear energy. Principal research scientist executive director, mit nuclear fuel cycle project director and pi, fluoride saltcooled hightemperature reactor project university lead, idaho national laboratory hybrid energy systems. Sustainable fuel cycle options are those that improve uranium resource utilization, maximize energy generation, minimize waste generation, improve. Within each cycle, the volume and composition of the highlevel nuclear waste and fi ssile material depend on the type of nuclear fuel, the amount of burnup, the extent of radionuclide separation. The fuel costs were calculated for a four batch fuel cycle with annual refuels, the fuel being discharged at an average burnup of 42.
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